*ACIP: CONTACTING US ACIP staff are happy to help you with any questions, problems, or suggestions. We have a very small staff and sometimes due to the tremendous work load we are not able to respond as quickly as we would like to. Please be patient with us and send a reminder if necessary. ACIP contact information is: The Asian Classics Input Project Washington Area Office 11911 Marmary Road Gaithersburg, Maryland USA 20878-1839 telephone and fax (call voice first for fax): (301) 948-5569 electronic mail: acip@well.sf.ca.us contact person: Dr. Robert Taylor, assistant project director (Contact the Washington Area Office to order disks, brochures, ACIP programs, print-outs in native script; to make a tax- exempt contribution of used computer equipment; or for general project updates.) The Asian Classics Input Project New York Area Office c/o The Princeton Club of New York Box 57 15 West 43rd Street New York, New York USA 10036 telephone and fax (same number): (908) 364-1824 electronic mail: acip@well.sf.ca.us contact person: Michael Roach, project director John Malpas, chief programmer Maria Montenegro, operations manager (Contact the New York Area Office for questions on editorial content, text input schedules, project participation, submission of errors found, or support of proposals for related efforts.) ******************************************************* *ACIP DOCUMENTATION With each of its regular releases, ACIP has published a hardcopy brochure that gives much vital information about how to get the most out of the data, as well as other subjects. These brochures are available here on the CD, under the ACIP DOCUMENTATION menu selection. We urge you to study them. Only the most recent brochure (Release Three) is still available in hardcopy from the Project; please contact our Washington Area office for a free copy. ******************************************************** *AUTHOR, SEARCH BY To view or search the works of any particular author, use the menuing system to go down through TEXTS to the AUTHOR menu selection. Because the authors' names are in several languages, we have listed them in English alphabetical order of the transcribed name, with Tibetan versions in the case of Sanskrit names (although the Sanskrit is also added after the Tibetan). This means, for example, that you should search for Tibetan names under the very first letter of the transcription, rather than by main letter. Honorific titles of authors are included in parentheses but are not considered in alphabetization. The limitations of the menuing system do not allow us to include any more than a very brief author name. Use the TITLES selection in the ACIP DOCUMENTATION menu to view the complete names and dates of authors. ******************************************************** *AUTHOR, VERIFICATION Go to the ML (Multilingua) spell-checker in the PROGRAM menu. Read the documentation on how to build a new dictionary file. Load the words from a text of known authorship into your new dictionary file. Use this dictionary to spell-check a text of unknown authorship and note the number and nature of discrepancies. Maintain different dictionary files for different authors. ******************************************************** *BACKING UP THE DATA You don't really need to! ACIP will be happy to provide you with an additional CD ROM disk without charge, if you feel you need it. They are much more economical and efficient than any other storage method. If you have moved a large amount of data to the hard disk of your own computer and are modifying it, you will have to find a convenient method of backing up your files. There is too much data to use floppy diskettes for this back-up (you would need dozens or even hundreds). A tape back-up is a very easy, efficient, and inexpensive way to archive your data safely. We use the Colorado "Trakker" back-up system and recommend it strongly. ******************************************************** *CATALOGS Catalogs with the full details of every text or graphic image input by ACIP to date are available under the ACIP DOCUMENTATION selection in the main menu. In the CATALOGS section you will also find full native catalogs to a number of editions of the Kangyur and Tengyur collections. Catalogs to various Sungbum collections are also available from the Project or other sources; contact us for information ******************************************************** *COPYING FILES FROM ONE COMPUTER'S CD DRIVE TO ITS OWN HARD DRIVE A CD ROM drive acts just like any other hard or floppy drive on your computer. Use any file management program, such as the one in DOS or WINDOWS, to copy files off the CD and onto your hard drive, if you wish. This allows you to modify the files, since on the CD itself they are read-only.. ******************************************************** *COPYING FILES FROM A COMPUTER WITH A CD ROM DRIVE TO A COMPUTER WITHOUT ONE ACIP is aware that few of its users have CD ROM drives at present. They aren't expensive, and they are the way of the future. We urge you to purchase one. Within a year or two, most computers will be made with them, and the use of CD's will explode. In the meantime, here are tips on how to get data off the CD ROM drive of one machine to another without one. The slow way is to copy files from your CD ROM drive to floppy diskettes, insert them in the second computer, and copy them to its hard drive. A better way is to use a commercial program to link the two computers through their printer ports, and just dump over the texts you want. This is very quick, reliable, and simple. We like the LAPLINK program for this purpose. ******************************************************** *COPYRIGHTED MATERIALS ACIP has input a substantial quantity of copyrighted materials, such as the "Great Dictionary of the Tibetan Language" (TSIG-MDZOD CHEN-MO) and a number of catalogs to the Sungbum or collected writings of Tibetan classicists. This data is meant for internal use only and cannot be distributed, due to copyright considerations. Contact the Project for more information on these materials, and we will try to help if we can. ******************************************************** *COPYRIGHT INFORMATION The following copyrights apply to the ACIP CD ROM: Digital form and documentation of The Asian Classics Input Project's SOURCE CD RELEASE A, copyright c. 1993 by the Asian Classics Input Project. All rights reserved. Digital form of UNITED STATES LIBRARY OF CONGRESS Tibetan and Sanskrit bibliographical data copyright c. 1989-1992 by The Library of Congress, except in the USA. This data has been licensed from, and a fee paid to, the United States Library of Congress. Requests for permission to copy or distribute the records in any form should be referred to the Cataloging Distribution Service of the Library of Congress, Washington DC, USA 20541. TIBEASY Asian-script viewing and searching program copyright c. 1992 by The Asian Classics Input Project. All rights reserved. ACIP would like to express its thanks to Mr. Edward Softky for his contribution of this fine program. LIST file and browsing utility copyright c. 1983-1992 by Vernon D. Buerg. All rights reserved. *See registration information on the accompanying documentation file. GOFER search program copyright c. 1987, 1989 by Microlytics, Inc, and Signum Microsystems, Inc. All rights reserved, worldwide. GOFER is a commercial program which has kindly been provided to ACIP users by Microlytics, Inc, without charge. Microlytics requests that users DO NOT contact the company for any technical support. Contact ACIP for any help you need. SEEKEASY search program copyright c. 1984-1992 by Correlation Systems. All rights reserved. *See registration information on the accompanying documentation file. MULTILINGUA international spelling checker copyright c. 1990- 1992 by Concepts Info. All rights reserved. *See registration information on the accompanying documentation file. XTREE file management program copyright c. 1985, 1989 by the XTree Company of Executive Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. *See registration information on the accompanying documentation file. GRAPHICS WORKSHOP package copyright c. 1989, 1992 by Alchemy Mindworks, Inc. All rights reserved. *See registration information on the accompanying documentation file. ******************************************************** *CREDITS AND THANK-YOU'S Producing the first ACIP CD ROM has been an immense effort requiring the help and dedication of many people. We would like to express our sincere thanks and gratitude to the following persons (and we apologize in advance for any omissions): To our Chief Editor, Khen Rinpoche Geshe Lobsang Tharchin, without whose decades of guidance, compassion, and inspired teaching none of this important work would ever have been done; To our Assistant Project Director, Dr. Robert J. Taylor, who has brought to the Project all of its integrity, discipline, and focus, with years of selfless effort and unfailing humor; To our Operations Manager, Ms. Maria Montenegro, for her ability to juggle a thousand different tasks simultaneously, with creativity, and good heart; To our Overseas Quality Manager, Mr. Dieter Gewissler, for his selfless and exemplary contribution of time, any time, all the time, in the service of others' needs; To the Manager of our Overseas Data Operations, Ven. Lhundup Sherab, for years of struggling with overwhelming entry schedules, phone calls in the middle of the night, and sudden 3-day train rides for meetings all over India; To all our dedicated native Tibetan editors and entry operators, refugee monk scholars who on a daily basis give their best to coax the data from unruly woodblock manuscripts; To the Board of Directors of the Sera Mey Scholarship Fund, especially Ven. Konchok Pelden, for their selfless, dependable, and honest management of the finances of the Project overseas; To the Boards of Directors of the Sera Mey Tibetan Monastic University and Rashi Gempil Ling Kalmuk Mongolian Society, for years of support and providing facilities to the Project; To the Editor of the ACIP Expert Commentary Series, Mr. Vincent Montenegro, for his excellent eye in crafting the words and images, and cheerful help in any task; To the manager of our Asian Classics Graphics Library, Ms. Barbara Taylor, for months and years of scanning, "mousing" around with illegible woodblock prints, and putting up with suddenly changing priorities; To Ven. Thupten Pelma, Debra Ballier, for the many days and months spent preparing and managing the facilities of the Asian Classics Institute, New York (and to Poncho and Rusty, the watchmen); To Mr. Ngudup Gyatso and his wife Namgyal, of Kingate Ltd, Hong Kong and New Delhi, for years of expediting ACIP staff through the visa, customs, and travel regulations of the Indian government; To Mr. Dhiru Shah of Overseas Exports, Bombay, and his entire family for their kind assistance in transferring people, supplies, messages, and equipment to and from the data center; To Mr. Pravin Sareen, president of Classics of India, New Delhi, for his exacting care in directing ACIP's overseas publishing; To all the management and staff of ACIP's Japan Contact Office, for their hard work and guidance in improving and expanding our data and East Asian distribution; To Mr. John Malpas and Mr. Edward Softky, who have given countless hours of their time without any monetary return, programming the tools needed for the Project's WP data entry system (by Mr. Malpas) and Tibeasy Asian scripts viewing program (by Mr. Softky); To our CD ROM Production Supervisor, Ms. Janet Mizar, for hours of late night data verification, and calls to companies everywhere; to Ms. Marie Placide for her constant assistance in graphic design; To all of our sponsors, especially to Mr. Ofer Azrielant and Ms. Aya Azrielant (Chairman and President, respectively, of the Andin International Diamond Corporation) for years of support and guidance in the management of the Project; To Ms. Helen Aguera and Ms. Adrienne Lo, of the US National Endowment for the Humanities, for hours of meetings and sage advice that have helped us refine and fund the Project; To our original academic advisors, Prof. Samuel Atkins and Prof. William LaFleur, for their belief in and support of the vision of an Asian classics database; to Dr. David Packard and the staff of the Packard Humanities Institute for their advice and assistance; and to all the staff and contractors of the Thesaurus Linguae Graecae, particularly Prof. T. Brunner, for their early technical and administrative assistance; To the many staff of the US Library of Congress who have assisted the Project in every way over the years, including the Librarian of Congress, Dr. James Billington, and Ms. Susan Meinheit, Ms. Alice Kniskern, Ms. Lygia Ballantyne, Mr. Lou Jacob, the staff of the Catalog Distribution Services, and the inimitable Dr. E. Gene Smith; To our Project Director, Mr. Michael Roach, for his unstoppable vision and efforts to preserve and further the Asian classics; And last, but certainly not least, to the authors of the Asian classics themselves, who reach out to us across the last 25 centuries, to bring us their wisdom and guidance for the benefit of our own lives, and those of all humanity. ******************************************************** *DATING A TEXT See *HISTORICAL ANALYSIS OF A TEXT ******************************************************** *ERRORS IN THE DATA Only after realizing that, with the limited capacity of authorities worldwide, it would take many years to properly edit all the material input already, ACIP staff have made the decision to release data which has not yet received its final manual editing. Every text has been typed in fully two times and run through a comparison program three full times by native operators. We are entirely aware that the data nonetheless contains errors. These are due to incorrect originals, mechanical problems with the computers in India which introduce garbled lines, and simple operator mistakes. Nonetheless we have found even the source data to be a fantastic boon in our own research efforts here, and we feel that users worldwide should have the same opportunity to use this data in their interim research. Our position is that, if you locate a desired quotation or text string in the source data, this will benefit your research greatly. If you fail to locate a quotation, do not assume that it is not there. This could be due to an error in typing or, in files marked with the extension INC, due to the fact that at least several pages of the text are still incomplete. ACIP is giving these incomplete texts first priority for finished input before the next release. ACIP would be very grateful to receive suggestions about correcting data--lists of errors in whatever text you are using regularly. Please submit these lists to either of the offices listed above, and we will do our best to verify and incorporate your suggestions, with formal credit to your efforts. ******************************************************** *EUROPEAN DISTRIBUTION CENTER All ACIP materials can be ordered by European users from the Oxford Text Archive. Please call or write to: The Oxford Text Archive 13 Branbury Road Oxford OX2 6NN England telephone: (0865) 273-200 fax: (0865) 273-275 electronic mail: archive@uk.ac.oxford.vax contact: Dr. Lou Burnard, Director, or Dr. Alan Morrison European users can also contact the USA office addresses for any materials they need. ******************************************************** *FILE MANAGEMENT The ACIP CD ROM includes an excellent program for performing everyday file management tasks, such as copying, moving, checking date of creation, and so on. Select the PROGRAMS menu item and start the XTREE file management program. PLEASE NOTE that this is a shareware version only of this excellent program, and does not have enough capacity to handle all the directories on the large CD ROM. We encourage users to consider purchasing the full version of this program at any normal outlet if they find it useful. The full version handles the CD quite well, and allows a plethora of useful operations that the shareware version lacks. ******************************************************** *FILE NAMES The file names for all ACIP data are assigned according to the following conventions-- Catalog number: refers to the standard Tohoku University catalog number wherever available, and to the ACIP catalog number where not. Letters preceding catalog number: refer to collection and edition, as follows-- K = Kangyur collection item T = Tengyur collection item S = Sungbum collection item R = Reference material KL = Item from Lhasa edition of Kangyur KD = Item from Derge edition of Kangyur TD = Item from Derge edition of Tengyur TS = Item from "Golden" edition of Tengyur IF YOU CHOOSE TO MODIFY A FILE FOR YOUR OWN RESEARCH, ACIP REQUESTS THAT YOU CHANGE THE FILE NAME, SO THAT IT IS CLEAR THAT THE DATA HAS BEEN CHANGED. ******************************************************** *FILE EXTENSIONS ACIP uses the following extensions at the end of a file name, to indicate the nature of the data-- ACE: English text, approved for regular ACIP release ACT: Tibetan text, approved for regular ACIP release ACM: Text in mixed languages (such as Tibetan and English, or Sanskrit and English), approved for regular ACIP release INC: Incomplete text; data was garbled during transmission to US and at least some pages are missing RAW: Text is raw source data only, and may contain gross errors; ACIP is releasing only for interim research purposes IF YOU CHOOSE TO MODIFY A FILE FOR YOUR OWN RESEARCH, ACIP REQUESTS THAT YOU CHANGE THE FILE NAME, SO THAT IT IS CLEAR THAT THE DATA HAS BEEN CHANGED. ******************************************************** *FINDING A TEXT NAME, AUTHOR, CATALOG NUMBER, OR SUBJECT Use LIST from the PROGRAM menu to search the Titles Catalog. Or go down through the menu system: TEXTS, BY TITLE, CATALOGS, to the Titles Catalog. Then use the menu system, TEXTS, by title, subject, author, or catalog number to view and search your text. ******************************************************** *FUTURE INPUT AND RELEASE SCHEDULES It is ACIP's intention to continue the input of the Kangyur and Tengyur collections, with additional material from the Sungbum collection and reference literature, according to the prioritization policy enunciated in the Release Three brochure. Specifically, we are well into the Madhyamika (dBu-ma) section of the Tengyur and intend to continue it straight through to the end. Then will come the other philosophical sections of the Tengyur, such as Abhidharma and Pramana. If the Project's funding continues at the current level, we anticipate releasing an updated CD ROM at intervals of about 12 to 18 months. Regular floppy disk releases of fully corrected data will continue at similar intervals. ******************************************************** *GEOGRAPHIC ANALYSIS OF A TEXT Go to the ML (Multilingua) spell-checker in the PROGRAM menu. Read the documentation on how to build a new dictionary file. Load the words from a text of known geographic locality into your new dictionary file. Use this dictionary to spell-check a text of unknown geographic locality and note the number and nature of discrepancies. Maintain different dictionary files for different localities. ******************************************************** *GRAPHICS, IMPORTING You can import any ACIP graphics file directly into almost every major commercial word processing program, and place them in any document you want. Many of these programs, such as WordPerfect, even draw a perfect frame for you automatically, and allow you to put a caption below it. See the ACIP Release Three brochure for some examples. ******************************************************** *GRAPHICS, VIEWING Start the Graphics Work-Shop Program (GWS) from the PROGRAM menu. Hit the key on the parent directory (the two dots..) several times, until it takes you back to the main CD directory. Arrow down to GRAPHICS and then continue down through the directories until you see the name of the picture you want, then simply hit the key to view. Please note that the GWS viewer may not work on computers (such as older or some laptop machines) that do not have the required graphics capacity. A complete catalog of the Asian Classics Graphics Library is available from the main menu under ACIP DOCUMENTATION. ******************************************************** *HARDCOPY BOOKS AND BROCHURES A good part of ACIP data has been published in attractive hardcopy books under the University Text Series of Sera Mey Tibetan Monastic University. Contact the Project for more information; many of these editions have been sold out, but we can put you in touch with the publishers, especially for future works. Our supplies of hardcopy versions of the various ACIP release brochures found on disk here are also mostly exhausted, except for Release Three. Contact our Washington Area Office at the address on the first page of this help file to order a complimentary copy. ******************************************************** ***ACIP CD ROM HELP SYSTEM*** MAIN TOPICS ARE ASTERISKED. USE THE SEARCH FUNCTION, OR ARROW DOWN, TO VIEW TOPICS. TO GET THE MOST OUT OF THE ACIP CD, WE SUGGEST THAT YOU BROWSE THROUGH THE ENTIRE HELP SECTION FIRST! IF YOU ARE A REGULAR USER OF THIS CD ROM, YOU ARE REQUIRED TO READ THE "*SHAREWARE PROGRAMS" SECTION BELOW. *ACIP: CONTACTING US ACIP staff are happy to help you with any questions, problems, or suggestions. We have a very small staff and sometimes due to the tremendous work load we are not able to respond as quickly as we would like to. Please be patient with us and send a reminder if necessary. ACIP contact information is: The Asian Classics Input Project Washington Area Office 11911 Marmary Road Gaithersburg, Maryland USA 20878-1839 telephone and fax (call voice first for fax): (301) 948-5569 electronic mail: acip@well.sf.ca.us contact person: Dr. Robert Taylor, assistant project director (Contact the Washington Area Office to order disks, brochures, ACIP programs, print-outs in native script; to make a tax- exempt contribution of used computer equipment; or for general project updates.) The Asian Classics Input Project New York Area Office c/o The Princeton Club of New York Box 57 15 West 43rd Street New York, New York USA 10036 telephone and fax (same number): (908) 364-1824 electronic mail: acip@well.sf.ca.us contact person: Michael Roach, project director John Malpas, chief programmer Maria Montenegro, operations manager (Contact the New York Area Office for questions on editorial content, text input schedules, project participation, submission of errors found, or support of proposals for related efforts.) *ACIP DOCUMENTATION With each of its regular releases, ACIP has published a hardcopy brochure that gives much vital information about how to get the most out of the data, as well as other subjects. These brochures are available here on the CD, under the ACIP DOCUMENTATION menu selection. We urge you to study them. Only the most recent brochure (Release Three) is still available in hardcopy from the Project; please contact our Washington Area office for a free copy. *AUTHOR, SEARCH BY To view or search the works of any particular author, use the menuing system to go down through TEXTS to the AUTHOR menu selection. Because the authors' names are in several languages, we have listed them in English alphabetical order of the transcribed name, with Tibetan versions in the case of Sanskrit names (although the Sanskrit is also added after the Tibetan). This means, for example, that you should search for Tibetan names under the very first letter of the transcription, rather than by main letter. Honorific titles of authors are included in parentheses but are not considered in alphabetization. The limitations of the menuing system do not allow us to include any more than a very brief author name. Use the TITLES selection in the ACIP DOCUMENTATION menu to view the complete names and dates of authors. *AUTHOR, VERIFICATION Go to the ML (Multilingua) spell-checker in the PROGRAM menu. Read the documentation on how to build a new dictionary file. Load the words from a text of known authorship into your new dictionary file. Use this dictionary to spell-check a text of unknown authorship and note the number and nature of discrepancies. Maintain different dictionary files for different authors. *BACKING UP THE DATA You don't really need to! ACIP will be happy to provide you with an additional CD ROM disk without charge, if you feel you need it. They are much more economical and efficient than any other storage method. If you have moved a large amount of data to the hard disk of your own computer and are modifying it, you will have to find a convenient method of backing up your files. There is too much data to use floppy diskettes for this back-up (you would need dozens or even hundreds). A tape back-up is a very easy, efficient, and inexpensive way to archive your data safely. We use the Colorado "Trakker" back-up system and recommend it strongly. *CATALOGS Catalogs with the full details of every text or graphic image input by ACIP to date are available under the ACIP DOCUMENTATION selection in the main menu. In the CATALOGS section you will also find full native catalogs to a number of editions of the Kangyur and Tengyur collections. Catalogs to various Sungbum collections are also available from the Project or other sources; contact us for information. *COPYING FILES FROM A COMPUTER WITH A CD ROM DRIVE TO A COMPUTER WITHOUT ONE ACIP is aware that few of its users have CD ROM drives at present. They aren't expensive, and they are the way of the future. We urge you to purchase one. Within a year or two, most computers will be made with them, and the use of CD's will explode. In the meantime, here are tips on how to get data off the CD ROM drive of one machine to another without one. The slow way is to copy files from your CD ROM drive to floppy diskettes, insert them in the second computer, and copy them to its hard drive. A better way is to use a commercial program to link the two computers through their printer ports, and just dump over the texts you want. This is very quick, reliable, and simple. We like the LAPLINK program for this purpose. *COPYING FILES FROM ONE COMPUTER'S CD DRIVE TO ITS OWN HARD DRIVE A CD ROM drive acts just like any other hard or floppy drive on your computer. Use any file management program, such as the one in DOS or WINDOWS, to copy files off the CD and onto your hard drive, if you wish. This allows you to modify the files, since on the CD itself they are read-only. *COPYRIGHT INFORMATION The following copyrights apply to the ACIP CD ROM: Digital form and documentation of The Asian Classics Input Project's SOURCE CD RELEASE A, copyright c. 1993 by the Asian Classics Input Project. All rights reserved. Digital form of UNITED STATES LIBRARY OF CONGRESS Tibetan and Sanskrit bibliographical data copyright c. 1989-1992 by The Library of Congress, except in the USA. This data has been licensed from, and a fee paid to, the United States Library of Congress. Requests for permission to copy or distribute the records in any form should be referred to the Cataloging Distribution Service of the Library of Congress, Washington DC, USA 20541. TIBEASY Asian-script viewing and searching program copyright c. 1992 by The Asian Classics Input Project. All rights reserved. ACIP would like to express its thanks to Mr. Edward Softky for his contribution of this fine program. LIST file and browsing utility copyright c. 1983-1992 by Vernon D. Buerg. All rights reserved. *See registration information on the accompanying documentation file. GOFER search program copyright c. 1987, 1989 by Microlytics, Inc, and Signum Microsystems, Inc. All rights reserved, worldwide. GOFER is a commercial program which has kindly been provided to ACIP users by Microlytics, Inc, without charge. Microlytics requests that users DO NOT contact the company for any technical support. Contact ACIP for any help you need. SEEKEASY search program copyright c. 1984-1992 by Correlation Systems. All rights reserved. *See registration information on the accompanying documentation file. MULTILINGUA international spelling checker copyright c. 1990- 1992 by Concepts Info. All rights reserved. *See registration information on the accompanying documentation file. XTREE file management program copyright c. 1985, 1989 by the XTree Company of Executive Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. *See registration information on the accompanying documentation file. GRAPHICS WORKSHOP package copyright c. 1989, 1992 by Alchemy Mindworks, Inc. All rights reserved. *See registration information on the accompanying documentation file. *COPYRIGHTED MATERIALS ACIP has input a substantial quantity of copyrighted materials, such as the "Great Dictionary of the Tibetan Language" (TSIG-MDZOD CHEN-MO) and a number of catalogs to the Sungbum or collected writings of Tibetan classicists. This data is meant for internal use only and cannot be distributed, due to copyright considerations. Contact the Project for more information on these materials, and we will try to help if we can. *CREDITS AND THANK-YOU'S Producing the first ACIP CD ROM has been an immense effort requiring the help and dedication of many people. We would like to express our sincere thanks and gratitude to the following persons (and we apologize in advance for any omissions): To our Chief Editor, Khen Rinpoche Geshe Lobsang Tharchin, without whose decades of guidance, compassion, and inspired teaching none of this important work would ever have been done; To our Assistant Project Director, Dr. Robert J. Taylor, who has brought to the Project all of its integrity, discipline, and focus, with years of selfless effort and unfailing humor; To our Operations Manager, Ms. Maria Montenegro, for her ability to juggle a thousand different tasks simultaneously, with creativity, and good heart; To our Overseas Quality Manager, Mr. Dieter Gewissler, for his selfless and exemplary contribution of time, any time, all the time, in the service of others' needs; To the Manager of our Overseas Data Operations, Ven. Lhundup Sherab, for years of struggling with overwhelming entry schedules, phone calls in the middle of the night, and sudden 3-day train rides for meetings all over India; To all our dedicated native Tibetan editors and entry operators, refugee monk scholars who on a daily basis give their best to coax the data from unruly woodblock manuscripts; To the Board of Directors of the Sera Mey Scholarship Fund, especially Ven. Konchok Pelden, for their selfless, dependable, and honest management of the finances of the Project overseas; To the Boards of Directors of the Sera Mey Tibetan Monastic University and Rashi Gempil Ling Kalmuk Mongolian Society, for years of support and providing facilities to the Project; To the Editor of the ACIP Expert Commentary Series, Mr. Vincent Montenegro, for his excellent eye in crafting the words and images, and cheerful help in any task; To the manager of our Asian Classics Graphics Library, Ms. Barbara Taylor, for months and years of scanning, "mousing" around with illegible woodblock prints, and putting up with suddenly changing priorities; To Ven. Thupten Pelma, Debra Ballier, for the many days and months spent preparing and managing the facilities of the Asian Classics Institute, New York (and to Poncho and Rusty, the watchmen); To Mr. Ngudup Gyatso and his wife Namgyal, of Kingate Ltd, Hong Kong and New Delhi, for years of expediting ACIP staff through the visa, customs, and travel regulations of the Indian government; To Mr. Dhiru Shah of Overseas Exports, Bombay, and his entire family for their kind assistance in transferring people, supplies, messages, and equipment to and from the data center; To Mr. Pravin Sareen, president of Classics of India, New Delhi, for his exacting care in directing ACIP's overseas publishing; To all the management and staff of ACIP's Japan Contact Office, for their hard work and guidance in improving and expanding our data and East Asian distribution; To Mr. John Malpas and Mr. Edward Softky, who have given countless hours of their time without any monetary return, programming the tools needed for the Project's WP data entry system (by Mr. Malpas) and Tibeasy Asian scripts viewing program (by Mr. Softky); To our CD ROM Production Supervisor, Ms. Janet Mizar, for hours of late night data verification, and calls to companies everywhere; to Ms. Marie Placide for her constant assistance in graphic design; To all of our sponsors, especially to Mr. Ofer Azrielant and Ms. Aya Azrielant (Chairman and President, respectively, of the Andin International Diamond Corporation) for years of support and guidance in the management of the Project; To Ms. Helen Aguera and Ms. Adrienne Lo, of the US National Endowment for the Humanities, for hours of meetings and sage advice that have helped us refine and fund the Project; To our original academic advisors, Prof. Samuel Atkins and Prof. William LaFleur, for their belief in and support of the vision of an Asian classics database; to Dr. David Packard and the staff of the Packard Humanities Institute for their advice and assistance; and to all the staff and contractors of the Thesaurus Linguae Graecae, particularly Prof. T. Brunner, for their early technical and administrative assistance; To the many staff of the US Library of Congress who have assisted the Project in every way over the years, including the Librarian of Congress, Dr. James Billington, and Ms. Susan Meinheit, Ms. Alice Kniskern, Ms. Lygia Ballantyne, Mr. Lou Jacob, the staff of the Catalog Distribution Services, and the inimitable Dr. E. Gene Smith; To our Project Director, Mr. Michael Roach, for his unstoppable vision and efforts to preserve and further the Asian classics; And last, but certainly not least, to the authors of the Asian classics themselves, who reach out to us across the last 25 centuries, to bring us their wisdom and guidance for the benefit of our own lives, and those of all humanity. *DATING A TEXT See *HISTORICAL ANALYSIS OF A TEXT *ERRORS IN THE DATA Only after realizing that, with the limited capacity of authorities worldwide, it would take many years to properly edit all the material input already, ACIP staff have made the decision to release data which has not yet received its final manual editing. Every text has been typed in fully two times and run through a comparison program three full times by native operators. We are entirely aware that the data nonetheless contains errors. These are due to incorrect originals, mechanical problems with the computers in India which introduce garbled lines, and simple operator mistakes. Nonetheless we have found even the source data to be a fantastic boon in our own research efforts here, and we feel that users worldwide should have the same opportunity to use this data in their interim research. Our position is that, if you locate a desired quotation or text string in the source data, this will benefit your research greatly. If you fail to locate a quotation, do not assume that it is not there. This could be due to an error in typing or, in files marked with the extension INC, due to the fact that at least several pages of the text are still incomplete. ACIP is giving these incomplete texts first priority for finished input before the next release. ACIP would be very grateful to receive suggestions about correcting data--lists of errors in whatever text you are using regularly. Please submit these lists to either of the offices listed above, and we will do our best to verify and incorporate your suggestions, with formal credit to your efforts. *EUROPEAN DISTRIBUTION CENTER All ACIP materials can be ordered by European users from the Oxford Text Archive. Please call or write to: The Oxford Text Archive 13 Branbury Road Oxford OX2 6NN England telephone: (0865) 273-200 fax: (0865) 273-275 electronic mail: archive@uk.ac.oxford.vax contact: Dr. Lou Burnard, Director, or Dr. Alan Morrison European users can also contact the USA office addresses for any materials they need. *FILE EXTENSIONS ACIP uses the following extensions at the end of a file name, to indicate the nature of the data-- ACE: English text, approved for regular ACIP release ACT: Tibetan text, approved for regular ACIP release ACM: Text in mixed languages (such as Tibetan and English, or Sanskrit and English), approved for regular ACIP release INC: Incomplete text; data was garbled during transmission to US and at least some pages are missing RAW: Text is raw source data only, and may contain gross errors; ACIP is releasing only for interim research purposes IF YOU CHOOSE TO MODIFY A FILE FOR YOUR OWN RESEARCH, ACIP REQUESTS THAT YOU CHANGE THE FILE NAME, SO THAT IT IS CLEAR THAT THE DATA HAS BEEN CHANGED. *FILE MANAGEMENT The ACIP CD ROM includes an excellent program for performing everyday file management tasks, such as copying, moving, checking date of creation, and so on. Select the PROGRAMS menu item and start the XTREE file management program. PLEASE NOTE that this is a shareware version only of this excellent program, and does not have enough capacity to handle all the directories on the large CD ROM. We encourage users to consider purchasing the full version of this program at any normal outlet if they find it useful. The full version handles the CD quite well, and allows a plethora of useful operations that the shareware version lacks. *FILE NAMES The file names for all ACIP data are assigned according to the following conventions-- Catalog number: refers to the standard Tohoku University catalog number wherever available, and to the ACIP catalog number where not. Letters preceding catalog number: refer to collection and edition, as follows-- K = Kangyur collection item T = Tengyur collection item S = Sungbum collection item R = Reference material KL = Item from Lhasa edition of Kangyur KD = Item from Derge edition of Kangyur TD = Item from Derge edition of Tengyur TS = Item from "Golden" edition of Tengyur IF YOU CHOOSE TO MODIFY A FILE FOR YOUR OWN RESEARCH, ACIP REQUESTS THAT YOU CHANGE THE FILE NAME, SO THAT IT IS CLEAR THAT THE DATA HAS BEEN CHANGED. *FINDING A TEXT NAME, AUTHOR, CATALOG NUMBER, OR SUBJECT Use LIST from the PROGRAM menu to search the Titles Catalog. Or go down through the menu system: TEXTS, BY TITLE, CATALOGS, to the Titles Catalog. Then use the menu system, TEXTS, by title, subject, author, or catalog number to view and search your text. *FUTURE INPUT AND RELEASE SCHEDULES It is ACIP's intention to continue the input of the Kangyur and Tengyur collections, with additional material from the Sungbum collection and reference literature, according to the prioritization policy enunciated in the Release Three brochure. Specifically, we are well into the Madhyamika (dBu-ma) section of the Tengyur and intend to continue it straight through to the end. Then will come the other philosophical sections of the Tengyur, such as Abhidharma and Pramana. If the Project's funding continues at the current level, we anticipate releasing an updated CD ROM at intervals of about 12 to 18 months. Regular floppy disk releases of fully corrected data will continue at similar intervals. *GEOGRAPHIC ANALYSIS OF A TEXT Go to the ML (Multilingua) spell-checker in the PROGRAM menu. Read the documentation on how to build a new dictionary file. Load the words from a text of known geographic locality into your new dictionary file. Use this dictionary to spell-check a text of unknown geographic locality and note the number and nature of discrepancies. Maintain different dictionary files for different localities. *GRAPHICS, VIEWING Start the Graphics Work-Shop Program (GWS) from the PROGRAM menu. Hit the key on the parent directory (the two dots..) several times, until it takes you back to the main CD directory. Arrow down to GRAPHICS and then continue down through the directories until you see the name of the picture you want, then simply hit the key to view. Please note that the GWS viewer may not work on computers (such as older or some laptop machines) that do not have the required graphics capacity. A complete catalog of the Asian Classics Graphics Library is available from the main menu under ACIP DOCUMENTATION. *GRAPHICS, IMPORTING You can import any ACIP graphics file directly into almost every major commercial word processing program, and place them in any document you want. Many of these programs, such as WordPerfect, even draw a perfect frame for you automatically, and allow you to put a caption below it. See the ACIP Release Three brochure for some examples. *HARDCOPY BOOKS AND BROCHURES A good part of ACIP data has been published in attractive hardcopy books under the University Text Series of Sera Mey Tibetan Monastic University. Contact the Project for more information; many of these editions have been sold out, but we can put you in touch with the publishers, especially for future works. Our supplies of hardcopy versions of the various ACIP release brochures found on disk here are also mostly exhausted, except for Release Three. Contact our Washington Area Office at the address on the first page of this help file to order a complimentary copy. *HISTORICAL ANALYSIS OF A TEXT Go to the ML (Multilingua) spell-checker in the PROGRAM menu. Read the documentation on how to build a new dictionary file. Load the words from texts of known historical period into your new dictionary file. Use this dictionary to spell-check a text of unknown historical period and note the number and nature of discrepancies. Maintain different dictionary files for different historical periods. *IMPORTING TEXT FILES All ACIP text files are in standard ASCII (sometimes called "DOS") format, so you can import them into any commercial word processor you like. Be aware that your program though will modify the file with its own formatting codes (this even applies to the EDITOR in DOS itself). Then if you try to export the file to another application, it may have trouble reading it, since it's no longer in standard ASCII. You can avoid this problem by always making a back-up of the original version of the file you are importing. Since the files on the CD ROM itself cannot be modified, this is an automatic back-up that is always available to you. *JAPANESE DISTRIBUTION CENTER All ACIP materials can be ordered by Japanese users from the ACIP Contact Office in Japan. Please call or write to: ACIP Contact Office in Japan c/o Linguistics Information Research Inc 4-9-15 Koyoma, Shinagawa-ku Tokyo, Japan telephone: 3783-9428 fax: 3788-6180 contacts: Mr. Hakumyo Niisaku, Project Director Mr. Hitsuo Nakada, Managing Director Mr. Yoichiro Takeda, Systems Engineer Mr. Kelsang Tahuwa, ACIP Project Representative Japanese users can also contact the USA office addresses if they wish, for all materials. *LIBRARY OF CONGRESS SOURCE DATA Because the CD ROM medium gives us so much space to play with, we have included on this release the entire raw data licensed to the Project by the Library of Congress, for its Tibetan and Sanskrit bibliographical listings. These are located in the LC TAPES menu selection and will be of interest only to specialized librarians; our other users should utilize the listings as they appear in normal ACIP format in the CATALOGS menu selection. *LICENSE INFORMATION With the written permission of the Asian Classics Input Project, this data may be freely copied, used, and distributed for non-profit private and institutional research or education. It may not be copied and re-sold for any purpose. Any modification of the data prior to its re-distribution requires written permission of the Project and a prominent notice of such modification. ACIP has in the past licensed a number of institutions to distribute its data without charge. Please contact the ACIP Washington Area office for more information. *LIMITS OF LIABILITY AND DISCLAIMER OF WARRANTY The staff of the Asian Classics Input Project have to the best of their ability assured that the data, printed information, and programs contained or reviewed in this non-profit release are accurate and effective. ACIP though makes no warranty of any kind, expressed or implied, with regard to these materials, and shall not be liable in any event for incidental or consequential damage in connection with, or arising out of, the furnishing, performance, or use of the release. *MACINTOSH About 85% of ACIP's users worldwide use IBM-compatible personal computers, so we have concentrated our efforts on serving their needs. Nearly every ACIP text or graphic file, though of course not the program files, are available for use on Macintosh machines. The main search engine for ACIP files, Gofer, is also available for the Macintosh through any normal software outlet. We are attempting to design this CD to work on Macintosh computers, but the final testing will not be possible until this help file has already been inscribed on the disk indelibly. If you have a Mac and cannot use the disk, download the files you need to floppy diskettes and copy these to your hard disk, which is automatic on newer machines that read DOS files, or which requires a conversion utility on older machines. *ORDERING NEW TEXTS Is there a particular text from the Kangyur, Tengyur, or similar collection which you need for your research, but which ACIP has not yet input? We would be happy to consider "bumping up" your text in our input schedule if we can; contact either ACIP office address listed on the first page of this help file. *PRINTING A FILE IN ROMAN LETTERS Any Roman-letter file on the CD can be imported to your favorite word processor and printed out; see the directions above for IMPORTING TEXT FILES. *PRINTING A FILE IN TIBETAN SCRIPT To print a file in Tibetan script, you will have to utilize one of the commercial programs currently available. A complete review of all these programs is contained in the files for the ACIP Release Two and Three documentation brochures, found under the ACIP DOCUMENTATION menu item. Most of these programs now incorporate a utility for converting ACIP Roman data to the native script. We have included several of these utilities for the "Tibetan!" word processing package, under the PROGRAMS menu selection. In the TITLE category under the TEXTS menu selection, you will also find a group of PRINTABLE files, which have already been converted to work with the "Tibetan!" program. The size of some of these files is quite large, due to the demands of the printing program. We have split a number of them into two parts, which makes them small enough for users to download onto floppy disks in pieces. The two halves must be re-joined on your hard disk before they will print out properly. Please note that some of the older files here may have to be fed through the updating utility of newer versions of the "Tibetan!" program, and that some of the Sanskrit stacks are incomplete, because the "Tibetan!" program at different stages in its development has not been able to reproduce these automatically (although they can be made manually with the program). *SCHOLARS DATABASE In the ACIP DOCUMENTATION menu selection you will find our International Asian Scholars Database, listing the names, addresses, and other information needed to contact your colleagues world-wide. ACIP hopes that this will stimulate scholarly intercourse between its users around the globe. We try to include only the names of individuals who have agreed to be listed, and would be happy to hear from you if you would like yours included. If for any reason you would prefer not to be listed, please contact us and we will remove your information. *SEARCHING A TEXT IN ROMAN LETTERS--GENERAL INFORMATION Go to the PROGRAM menu and start the GOFER search program; this is the single most powerful and simple search method we are aware of. You need to know the directory where the text to search is located; use XTREE (from the PROGRAMS directory) or any other directory viewing program (such as the TREE command in DOS itself) to find the complete path, or else enter the path screen of GOFER and use the ALT-T option. PLEASE NOTE that the Microlytics Corporation has kindly licensed ACIP to provide this program free of charge to our CD users. The company has requested that users therefore NOT call their technical support number with questions. Feel free to contact ACIP for help. ACIP strongly recommends that users purchase the program from Microlytics in order to take advantage of the documentation for using the program, as well as the company's technical assistance. Alternately, you can use the search function in the menu system itself. Or use the LIST program from the PROGRAM menu. Or use the SEEKEASY program from the PROGRAM menu. Or use the GREP programs from the PROGRAM menu. Each method has its own advantages. Experiment! *SEARCHING A TEXT IN ROMAN LETTERS--GROUPS OF FILES One of the extremely useful features of the GOFER search program is its ability to search whole groups of files at the same time. To help you take advantage of this ability, ACIP has arranged the same text files in different logical groups on the CD ROM: by title, subject, author, and catalog number. This means that you can, for example, search all the works of Master Nagarjuna in one pass, or all the titles input so far in the Madhyamika section of the Tengyur collection. To utilize this feature you will have to know the path to the group of files you want to search. You can record the directory names from the menu screens, or else use XTREE from the PROGRAM menu, or any other directory viewing utility on your computer, such as the TREE option in DOS itself. You can also call up a directory tree in GOFER by hitting ALT-T in the directory screen. *SEARCHING A TEXT IN ROMAN LETTERS--BOOLEAN OPERATORS GOFER is an extremely powerful search utility for another reason: it allows a wide range of Boolean operators, or options that allow you to search for items in different relation to each other. In Tibetan texts, for example, it is often desirable to search for one key syllable in proximity of another, rather than for a specific string of syllables. To give an example, a search for RNAM PAR DAG PA will miss the equivalent RNAM DAG. In this case you can use Gofer's Boolean operator "nearby" to locate RNAM near DAG, and all forms will be found. GOFER allows a total of eight different items in two groups, with a variety of relationships between them. This format is the best we have seen for searching texts; take some time to learn all the subtle combinations, and your research will be infinitely more thorough and quick. The GREP series of search programs included on the CD also feature Boolean operators, but in a less convenient format. *SEARCHING A TEXT IN TIBETAN SCRIPT Use the TIBEZ program from the PROGRAM menu to call up the text and use the search utility. TIBEZ works fully only on files with the extension ACT, although you can also use it on almost all the files with the RAW or INC extensions. *SHAREWARE PROGRAMS ON THIS CD ROM The programs listed below are either shareware or similarly licensed programs that have been included on the ACIP CD ROM solely through the kind permission of their authors. If you find that you are using any of these programs on a regular basis, you are required to register your copy with the individual author or company. ACIP urges you to do so; this is one honor system left in the world and we would like to see it survive. The fee for the programs is normally only a fraction of what commercial programs cost, and registering not only allows the authors to continue their good work, but also usually gets you detailed documentation and regular program updates. Moreover, the demonstration version of several of these programs is only a reduced version of the full version and lacks many useful parts. Please see the "read-me," "license," "registration," or similar files in the following programs for registering your copy: GRAPHICS WORK-SHOP graphics viewing package GREP and FGREP search programs LIST file viewing utility MULTILINGUA international spelling checker SEEKEASY search program XTREE file management program Please note that the GOFER search program, which we consider by far the best program for searching ACIP data, is a commercial package that has been licensed to ACIP without charge by the Microlytics Corporation. We would like to express our sincere thanks to Microlytics and to the members of the firm's management who helped secure us this permission: Mr. Kent Michels and Mr. Peter Mason. Microlytics requests that ACIP users NOT contact their technical support with any questions about the program. Please get in touch with ACIP if you need any help with GOFER. *SPELL-CHECKING A TIBETAN TEXT Use the ML (Multilingua) spell-checker from the PROGRAM menu. If you haven't used the program before, read the HELP file in the ML menu. *SPONSORS OF THE ASIAN CLASSICS INPUT PROJECT ACIP is a major undertaking that could not have been possible without our kind sponsors over the years. These have included the following, as well as a number of important donors who wish to remain anonymous: The Andin International Diamond Corporation The David and Lucile Packard Foundation The Packard Humanities Institute Rashi Gempil Ling Mongolian-American Society Sera Mey Tibetan Monastic University The United States National Endowment for the Humanities The opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Endowment for the Humanities or other sponsors listed. ACIP would like to express its sincere thanks to these sponsors and to our many users who have taken the time to help and support the Project. *STATUS OF A TEXT Following are the codes used to indicate the current status of any ACIP text file: Directly after the catalog number only-- A: Text has received a single uncorrected input E: Text has been double-entered and triple-edited, but not approved for a regular ACIP release F: Text has received a thorough manual editing and is approved for a regular ACIP release G: Text is available in a version which can be printed out using the "Tibetan Text Processing System" H: Text is available in a version which can be printed out using the "Tibetan!" publishing system (please note that older files should be passed through the update utility supplied with "Tibetan!" prior to printing, and may not contain all Sanskrit stacks, when these were not available). As a file extension-- ACE: English text, approved for regular ACIP release ACT: Tibetan text, approved for regular ACIP release ACM: Text in mixed languages (such as Tibetan and English, or Sanskrit and English), approved for regular ACIP release INC: Incomplete text; data was garbled during transmission to US and at least some pages are missing RAW: Text is raw source data only, and may contain gross errors; ACIP is releasing only for interim research purposes *SUBJECT, SEARCH BY To view or search a group of texts on the same subject, go down through the TEXTS menu selection to the SUBJECT category. Texts are arranged there by major collection and then by major subject. *TANTRIC LITERATURE Solely with private funding, ACIP has input a number of texts from the Tantric tradition of classical Sanskrit and Tibetan literature. These works constitute a collection which by tradition is secret, and the Project is committed to honoring the wishes of the traditional holders of these works in this regard. If you wish to receive any of these files, please contact the Project, and we will forward your request to the authorities involved. *TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE ACIP staff are here to help you get the most out of our releases. Feel free to contact us for any technical questions and we'll do the best we can to assist you. Our complete phone, fax, and e-mail numbers are listed on the first page of this help file. ACIP also provides free public demonstrations of how to use its data and programs effectively; these are appropriate for institutions, conferences, and so on. Contact our Washington Area Office for more info. **TITLE, SEARCH BY To search for a particular title, enter the TEXTS menu selection and then go to the TITLES selection. Works are grouped by category and then alphabetically, by Tibetan title, if applicable, rather than by Sanskrit title (although the Sanskrit title is also included). The limitations of the menuing system do not allow us to include any more than a very brief title. Use the TITLES option in the ACIP DOCUMENTATION menu selection if you want to search the catalog for the full names. *TRANSCRIPTION METHOD ACIP's method for transcribing Tibetan follows that established by the Government of Tibet, as developed by Prof. Ngawangthondup Narkyid and other researchers at the Library of Tibetan Works and Archives, the National Library of Tibet. This method is, simply, the most economic system possible without ambiguity and without diacritical marks, which cannot be displayed on the terminals of many of ACIP's users. ACIP realizes that individual researchers around the world have individual preferences for transcription methods, and therefore we provide in the PROGRAMS menu selection a few macros for automatic conversion under WordPerfect. Through this or any global search and replace utility it is possible to convert ACIP data to any transcription method you prefer, in only a few minutes. The method for transcribing Sanskrit generally follows precisely the centuries-old Tibetan method, which is quite suitable for the Project's data. It is our object to bring these texts to the personal computers of our users in more than 40 countries around the world, and therefore we have been obliged to avoid any system which would require diacritical marks that cannot be displayed on basic PC's. When we are sure that the majority of our users have operating systems that can support diacritics, we intend to convert the Sanskrit spellings to the generally accepted system with diacritics. In the meantime, we have chosen an unambiguous and economical method that can easily be understood by researchers and still displayed on any PC in the world. *VIEWING A TEXT IN ROMAN LETTERS Simply use the menu system to go to the text you wish to view, and hit the key. Or go to the PROGRAM menu and use the LIST program. *VIEWING A TEXT IN TIBETAN SCRIPT Use the TIBEZ program from the PROGRAM menu to call up the text. TIBEZ works fully only on files with the extension ACT, although you can also use it on almost all the files with the RAW or INC extensions. *WORD COUNT ANALYSIS Go to the ML (Multilingua) spell-checker in the PROGRAM menu. Read the documentation on how to build a new dictionary file. Load the dictionary with the word whose frequency you wish to count. Load the text you wish to check for the word's frequency. Select the automatic matching option and note the number of matches. If you are using the WordPerfect word-processing program, you may also perform a word count by using the Wordcount macro supplied in the PROGRAM menu of the CD. ******************************************************** Volume in drive C has no label Volume Serial Number is 1B05-5B06 Directory of C:\WP51\HELP . 08-15-93 9:00a .. 08-15-93 9:00a HELP BAK 43983 08-15-93 10:11a ACIPCONT TXT 1575 08-15-93 10:12a HELP TXT 43983 08-15-93 10:11a ACIPDOCU TXT 522 08-15-93 10:13a AUTHSRCH TXT 938 08-15-93 10:14a AUTHVERI TXT 457 08-15-93 10:14a BACKUP TXT 753 08-15-93 10:15a CATALOGS TXT 459 08-15-93 10:15a COPYFRCD TXT 908 08-15-93 10:16a COPYCDHD TXT 391 08-15-93 10:17a COPYRITS TXT 2410 08-15-93 10:18a COPYRITD TXT 496 08-15-93 10:18a CREDITS TXT 5537 08-15-93 10:19a DATING TXT 56 08-15-93 10:20a ERRORS TXT 1767 08-15-93 10:20a EUROPE TXT 577 08-15-93 10:21a FILEXT TXT 903 08-15-93 10:21a FILEMGMT TXT 721 08-15-93 10:22a FILENAME TXT 901 08-15-93 10:22a FINDTXT TXT 356 08-15-93 10:23a FUTURE TXT 821 08-15-93 10:23a GEOGRAF TXT 481 08-15-93 10:24a GRAFVIEW TXT 720 08-15-93 10:25a GRAFIMPT TXT 397 08-15-93 10:25a HARDCOPY TXT 671 08-15-93 10:26a HISTORY TXT 490 08-15-93 10:26a IMPORTEX TXT 729 08-15-93 10:27a JAPAN TXT 733 08-15-93 10:27a LCDATA TXT 524 08-15-93 10:28a LICENSE TXT 628 08-15-93 10:29a LIABLE TXT 575 08-15-93 10:29a MAC TXT 907 08-15-93 10:30a ORDERNEW TXT 366 08-15-93 10:30a PRINTROM TXT 200 08-15-93 10:31a PRINTTIB TXT 1554 08-15-93 10:31a SCHOLARS TXT 629 08-15-93 10:32a SRCHGRUP TXT 1008 08-15-93 10:33a SRCHBOOL TXT 1111 08-15-93 10:34a SRCHTIB TXT 294 08-15-93 10:34a SHARE TXT 1977 08-15-93 10:35a SPELL TXT 187 08-15-93 10:35a SPONSOR TXT 1018 08-15-93 10:36a STATUS TXT 1629 08-15-93 10:36a SUBJSRCH TXT 240 08-15-93 10:37a TANTRA TXT 518 08-15-93 10:37a TECHASST TXT 537 08-15-93 10:38a TITLSRCH TXT 563 08-15-93 10:38a TRANSC TXT 1742 08-15-93 10:38a VIEWROMN TXT 193 08-15-93 10:39a VIEWTIB TXT 265 08-15-93 10:39a WORDCT TXT 570 08-15-93 10:40a INDEX TXT 1513 08-15-93 10:49a HELPDIR TXT 0 08-15-93 10:50a 55 file(s) 131483 bytes 7462912 bytes free ******************************************************** *HISTORICAL ANALYSIS OF A TEXT Go to the ML (Multilingua) spell-checker in the PROGRAM menu. Read the documentation on how to build a new dictionary file. Load the words from texts of known historical period into your new dictionary file. Use this dictionary to spell-check a text of unknown historical period and note the number and nature of discrepancies. Maintain different dictionary files for different historical periods. ******************************************************** *IMPORTING TEXT FILES All ACIP text files are in standard ASCII (sometimes called "DOS") format, so you can import them into any commercial word processor you like. Be aware that your program though will modify the file with its own formatting codes (this even applies to the EDITOR in DOS itself). Then if you try to export the file to another application, it may have trouble reading it, since it's no longer in standard ASCII. You can avoid this problem by always making a back-up of the original version of the file you are importing. Since the files on the CD ROM itself cannot be modified, this is an automatic back-up that is always available to you. ******************************************************** HELP.TXT ENTIRE TEXT OF THIS HELP MENU IN ONE FILE ACIPCONT.TXT ACIP: CONTACTING US ACIPDOCU.TXT ACIP DOCUMENTATION AUTHSRCH.TXT AUTHOR, SEARCH BY AUTHVERI.TXT AUTHOR, VERIFICATION BACKUP.TXT BACKING UP THE DATA CATALOGS.TXT CATALOGS COPYFRCD.TXT COPY FILES FROM COMPUTER W/ CD ROM DRIVE TO ONE W/O COPYCDHD.TXT COPYING FILES FROM CD DRIVE TO HARD DRIVE COPYRITS.TXT COPYRIGHT INFORMATION COPYRITD.TXT COPYRIGHTED MATERIALS CREDITS.TXT CREDITS AND THANK-YOU'S DATING.TXT DATING A TEXT ERRORS.TXT ERRORS IN THE DATA EUROPE.TXT EUROPEAN DISTRIBUTION CENTER FILEXT.TXT FILE EXTENSIONS FILEMGMT.TXT FILE MANAGEMENT FILENAME.TXT FILE NAMES FINDTXT.TXT FIND A TEXT NAME, AUTHOR, CATALOG NUMBER, OR SUBJECT FUTURE.TXT FUTURE INPUT AND RELEASE SCHEDULES GEOGRAF.TXT GEOGRAPHIC ANALYSIS OF A TEXT GRAFVIEW.TXT GRAPHICS, VIEWING GRAFIMPT.TXT GRAPHICS, IMPORTING HARDCOPY.TXT HARDCOPY BOOKS AND BROCHURES HISTORY.TXT HISTORICAL ANALYSIS OF A TEXT IMPORTEX.TXT IMPORTING TEXT FILES JAPAN.TXT JAPANESE DISTRIBUTION CENTER LCDATA.TXT LIBRARY OF CONGRESS SOURCE DATA LICENSE.TXT LICENSE INFORMATION LIABLE.TXT LIMITS OF LIABILITY AND DISCLAIMER OF WARRANTY MAC.TXT MACINTOSH INFORMATION ORDERNEW.TXT ORDERING NEW TEXTS PRINTROM.TXT PRINTING A FILE IN ROMAN LETTERS PRINTTIB.TXT PRINTING A FILE IN TIBETAN SCRIPT SCHOLARS.TXT SCHOLARS DATABASE SRCHROMN.TXT SEARCHING A TEXT IN ROMAN LETTERS--GENERAL INFO SRCHGRUP.TXT SEARCHING A TEXT IN ROMAN LETTERS--GROUPS OF FILES SRCHBOOL.TXT SEARCHING A TEXT IN ROMAN LETTERS--BOOLEAN OPERATORS SRCHTIB.TXT SEARCHING A TEXT IN TIBETAN SCRIPT SHARE.TXT SHAREWARE PROGRAMS ON THIS CD ROM SPELL.TXT SPELL-CHECKING A TIBETAN TEXT SPONSOR.TXT SPONSORS OF THE ASIAN CLASSICS INPUT PROJECT STATUS.TXT STATUS OF A TEXT SUBJSRCH.TXT SUBJECT, SEARCH BY TANTRA.TXT TANTRIC LITERATURE TECHASST.TXT TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE TITLSRCH.TXT TITLE, SEARCH BY TRANSC.TXT TRANSCRIPTION METHOD VIEWROMN.TXT VIEWING A TEXT IN ROMAN LETTERS VIEWTIB.TXT VIEWING A TEXT IN TIBETAN SCRIPT WORDCT.TXT WORD COUNT ANALYSIS ******************************************************** *JAPANESE DISTRIBUTION CENTER All ACIP materials can be ordered by Japanese users from the ACIP Contact Office in Japan. Please call or write to: ACIP Contact Office in Japan c/o Linguistics Information Research Inc 4-9-15 Koyoma, Shinagawa-ku Tokyo, Japan telephone: 3783-9428 fax: 3788-6180 contacts: Mr. Hakumyo Niisaku, Project Director Mr. Hitsuo Nakada, Managing Director Mr. Yoichiro Takeda, Systems Engineer Mr. Kelsang Tahuwa, ACIP Project Representative Japanese users can also contact the USA office addresses if they wish, for all materials. ******************************************************** *LIBRARY OF CONGRESS SOURCE DATA Because the CD ROM medium gives us so much space to play with, we have included on this release the entire raw data licensed to the Project by the Library of Congress, for its Tibetan and Sanskrit bibliographical listings. These are located in the LC TAPES menu selection and will be of interest only to specialized librarians; our other users should utilize the listings as they appear in normal ACIP format in the CATALOGS menu selection. ******************************************************** *LIMITS OF LIABILITY AND DISCLAIMER OF WARRANTY The staff of the Asian Classics Input Project have to the best of their ability assured that the data, printed information, and programs contained or reviewed in this non-profit release are accurate and effective. ACIP though makes no warranty of any kind, expressed or implied, with regard to these materials, and shall not be liable in any event for incidental or consequential damage in connection with, or arising out of, the furnishing, performance, or use of the release. ******************************************************** *LICENSE INFORMATION With the written permission of the Asian Classics Input Project, this data may be freely copied, used, and distributed for non-profit private and institutional research or education. It may not be copied and re-sold for any purpose. Any modification of the data prior to its re-distribution requires written permission of the Project and a prominent notice of such modification. ACIP has in the past licensed a number of institutions to distribute its data without charge. Please contact the ACIP Washington Area office for more information. ******************************************************** *MACINTOSH About 85% of ACIP's users worldwide use IBM-compatible personal computers, so we have concentrated our efforts on serving their needs. Nearly every ACIP text or graphic file, though of course not the program files, are available for use on Macintosh machines. The main search engine for ACIP files, Gofer, is also available for the Macintosh through any normal software outlet. We are attempting to design this CD to work on Macintosh computers, but the final testing will not be possible until this help file has already been inscribed on the disk indelibly. If you have a Mac and cannot use the disk, download the files you need to floppy diskettes and copy these to your hard disk, which is automatic on newer machines that read DOS files, or which requires a conversion utility on older machines. ******************************************************** *ORDERING NEW TEXTS Is there a particular text from the Kangyur, Tengyur, or similar collection which you need for your research, but which ACIP has not yet input? We would be happy to consider "bumping up" your text in our input schedule if we can; contact either ACIP office address listed on the first page of this help file. ******************************************************** *PRINTING A FILE IN ROMAN LETTERS Any Roman-letter file on the CD can be imported to your favorite word processor and printed out; see the directions above for IMPORTING TEXT FILES. ******************************************************** *PRINTING A FILE IN TIBETAN SCRIPT To print a file in Tibetan script, you will have to utilize one of the commercial programs currently available. A complete review of all these programs is contained in the files for the ACIP Release Two and Three documentation brochures, found under the ACIP DOCUMENTATION menu item. Most of these programs now incorporate a utility for converting ACIP Roman data to the native script. We have included several of these utilities for the "Tibetan!" word processing package, under the PROGRAMS menu selection. In the TITLE category under the TEXTS menu selection, you will also find a group of PRINTABLE files, which have already been converted to work with the "Tibetan!" program. The size of some of these files is quite large, due to the demands of the printing program. We have split a number of them into two parts, which makes them small enough for users to download onto floppy disks in pieces. The two halves must be re-joined on your hard disk before they will print out properly. Please note that some of the older files here may have to be fed through the updating utility of newer versions of the "Tibetan!" program, and that some of the Sanskrit stacks are incomplete, because the "Tibetan!" program at different stages in its development has not been able to reproduce these automatically (although they can be made manually with the program). ******************************************************** *SCHOLARS DATABASE In the ACIP DOCUMENTATION menu selection you will find our International Asian Scholars Database, listing the names, addresses, and other information needed to contact your colleagues world-wide. ACIP hopes that this will stimulate scholarly intercourse between its users around the globe. We try to include only the names of individuals who have agreed to be listed, and would be happy to hear from you if you would like yours included. If for any reason you would prefer not to be listed, please contact us and we will remove your information. ******************************************************** *SHAREWARE PROGRAMS ON THIS CD ROM The programs listed below are either shareware or similarly licensed programs that have been included on the ACIP CD ROM solely through the kind permission of their authors. If you find that you are using any of these programs on a regular basis, you are required to register your copy with the individual author or company. ACIP urges you to do so; this is one honor system left in the world and we would like to see it survive. The fee for the programs is normally only a fraction of what commercial programs cost, and registering not only allows the authors to continue their good work, but also usually gets you detailed documentation and regular program updates. Moreover, the demonstration version of several of these programs is only a reduced version of the full version and lacks many useful parts. Please see the "read-me," "license," "registration," or similar files in the following programs for registering your copy: GRAPHICS WORK-SHOP graphics viewing package GREP and FGREP search programs LIST file viewing utility MULTILINGUA international spelling checker SEEKEASY search program XTREE file management program Please note that the GOFER search program, which we consider by far the best program for searching ACIP data, is a commercial package that has been licensed to ACIP without charge by the Microlytics Corporation. We would like to express our sincere thanks to Microlytics and to the members of the firm's management who helped secure us this permission: Mr. Kent Michels and Mr. Peter Mason. Microlytics requests that ACIP users NOT contact their technical support with any questions about the program. Please get in touch with ACIP if you need any help with GOFER. ******************************************************** *SPELL-CHECKING A TIBETAN TEXT Use the ML (Multilingua) spell-checker from the PROGRAM menu. If you haven't used the program before, read the HELP file in the ML menu. ******************************************************** *SPONSORS OF THE ASIAN CLASSICS INPUT PROJECT ACIP is a major undertaking that could not have been possible without our kind sponsors over the years. These have included the following, as well as a number of important donors who wish to remain anonymous: The Andin International Diamond Corporation The David and Lucile Packard Foundation The Packard Humanities Institute Rashi Gempil Ling Mongolian-American Society Sera Mey Tibetan Monastic University The United States National Endowment for the Humanities The opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Endowment for the Humanities or other sponsors listed. ACIP would like to express its sincere thanks to these sponsors and to our many users who have taken the time to help and support the Project. ******************************************************** *SEARCHING A TEXT IN ROMAN LETTERS--BOOLEAN OPERATORS GOFER is an extremely powerful search utility for another reason: it allows a wide range of Boolean operators, or options that allow you to search for items in different relation to each other. In Tibetan texts, for example, it is often desirable to search for one key syllable in proximity of another, rather than for a specific string of syllables. To give an example, a search for RNAM PAR DAG PA will miss the equivalent RNAM DAG. In this case you can use Gofer's Boolean operator "nearby" to locate RNAM near DAG, and all forms will be found. GOFER allows a total of eight different items in two groups, with a variety of relationships between them. This format is the best we have seen for searching texts; take some time to learn all the subtle combinations, and your research will be infinitely more thorough and quick. The GREP series of search programs included on the CD also feature Boolean operators, but in a less convenient format. ******************************************************** *SEARCHING A TEXT IN ROMAN LETTERS--GROUPS OF FILES One of the extremely useful features of the GOFER search program is its ability to search whole groups of files at the same time. To help you take advantage of this ability, ACIP has arranged the same text files in different logical groups on the CD ROM: by title, subject, author, and catalog number. This means that you can, for example, search all the works of Master Nagarjuna in one pass, or all the titles input so far in the Madhyamika section of the Tengyur collection. To utilize this feature you will have to know the path to the group of files you want to search. You can record the directory names from the menu screens, or else use XTREE from the PROGRAM menu, or any other directory viewing utility on your computer, such as the TREE option in DOS itself. You can also call up a directory tree in GOFER by hitting ALT-T in the directory screen. ******************************************************** SEARCHING A TEXT IN ROMAN LETTERS--GENERAL INFORMATION Go to the PROGRAM menu and start the GOFER search program; this is the single most powerful and simple search method we are aware of. You need to know the directory where the text to search is located; use XTREE (from the PROGRAMS directory) or any other directory viewing program (such as the TREE command in DOS itself) to find the complete path, or else enter the path screen of GOFER and use the ALT-T option. PLEASE NOTE that the Microlytics Corporation has kindly licensed ACIP to provide this program free of charge to our CD users. The company has requested that users therefore NOT call their technical support number with questions. Feel free to contact ACIP for help. ACIP strongly recommends that users purchase the program from Microlytics in order to take advantage of the documentation for using the program, as well as the company's technical assistance. Alternately, you can use the search function in the menu system itself. Or use the LIST program from the PROGRAM menu. Or use the SEEKEASY program from the PROGRAM menu. Or use the GREP programs from the PROGRAM menu. Each method has its own advantages. Experiment! ******************************************************** *SEARCHING A TEXT IN TIBETAN SCRIPT Use the TIBEZ program from the PROGRAM menu to call up the text and use the search utility. TIBEZ works fully only on files with the extension ACT, although you can also use it on almost all the files with the RAW or INC extensions. ******************************************************** *STATUS OF A TEXT Following are the codes used to indicate the current status of any ACIP text file: Directly after the catalog number only-- A: Text has received a single uncorrected input E: Text has been double-entered and triple-edited, but not approved for a regular ACIP release F: Text has received a thorough manual editing and is approved for a regular ACIP release G: Text is available in a version which can be printed out using the "Tibetan Text Processing System" H: Text is available in a version which can be printed out using the "Tibetan!" publishing system (please note that older files should be passed through the update utility supplied with "Tibetan!" prior to printing, and may not contain all Sanskrit stacks, when these were not available). As a file extension-- ACE: English text, approved for regular ACIP release ACT: Tibetan text, approved for regular ACIP release ACM: Text in mixed languages (such as Tibetan and English, or Sanskrit and English), approved for regular ACIP release INC: Incomplete text; data was garbled during transmission to US and at least some pages are missing RAW: Text is raw source data only, and may contain gross errors; ACIP is releasing only for interim research purposes ******************************************************** *SUBJECT, SEARCH BY To view or search a group of texts on the same subject, go down through the TEXTS menu selection to the SUBJECT category. Texts are arranged there by major collection and then by major subject. ******************************************************** *TANTRIC LITERATURE Solely with private funding, ACIP has input a number of texts from the Tantric tradition of classical Sanskrit and Tibetan literature. These works constitute a collection which by tradition is secret, and the Project is committed to honoring the wishes of the traditional holders of these works in this regard. If you wish to receive any of these files, please contact the Project, and we will forward your request to the authorities involved. ******************************************************** *TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE ACIP staff are here to help you get the most out of our releases. Feel free to contact us for any technical questions and we'll do the best we can to assist you. Our complete phone, fax, and e-mail numbers are listed on the first page of this help file. ACIP also provides free public demonstrations of how to use its data and programs effectively; these are appropriate for institutions, conferences, and so on. Contact our Washington Area Office for more info. ******************************************************** **TITLE, SEARCH BY To search for a particular title, enter the TEXTS menu selection and then go to the TITLES selection. Works are grouped by category and then alphabetically, by Tibetan title, if applicable, rather than by Sanskrit title (although the Sanskrit title is also included). The limitations of the menuing system do not allow us to include any more than a very brief title. Use the TITLES option in the ACIP DOCUMENTATION menu selection if you want to search the catalog for the full names. ******************************************************** *TRANSCRIPTION METHOD ACIP's method for transcribing Tibetan follows that established by the Government of Tibet, as developed by Prof. Ngawangthondup Narkyid and other researchers at the Library of Tibetan Works and Archives, the National Library of Tibet. This method is, simply, the most economic system possible without ambiguity and without diacritical marks, which cannot be displayed on the terminals of many of ACIP's users. ACIP realizes that individual researchers around the world have individual preferences for transcription methods, and therefore we provide in the PROGRAMS menu selection a few macros for automatic conversion under WordPerfect. Through this or any global search and replace utility it is possible to convert ACIP data to any transcription method you prefer, in only a few minutes. The method for transcribing Sanskrit generally follows precisely the centuries-old Tibetan method, which is quite suitable for the Project's data. It is our object to bring these texts to the personal computers of our users in more than 40 countries around the world, and therefore we have been obliged to avoid any system which would require diacritical marks that cannot be displayed on basic PC's. When we are sure that the majority of our users have operating systems that can support diacritics, we intend to convert the Sanskrit spellings to the generally accepted system with diacritics. In the meantime, we have chosen an unambiguous and economical method that can easily be understood by researchers and still displayed on any PC in the world. ******************************************************** *VIEWING A TEXT IN ROMAN LETTERS Simply use the menu system to go to the text you wish to view, and hit the key. Or go to the PROGRAM menu and use the LIST program. ******************************************************** *VIEWING A TEXT IN TIBETAN SCRIPT Use the TIBEZ program from the PROGRAM menu to call up the text. TIBEZ works fully only on files with the extension ACT, although you can also use it on almost all the files with the RAW or INC extensions. ******************************************************** *WORD COUNT ANALYSIS Go to the ML (Multilingua) spell-checker in the PROGRAM menu. Read the documentation on how to build a new dictionary file. Load the dictionary with the word whose frequency you wish to count. Load the text you wish to check for the word's frequency. Select the automatic matching option and note the number of matches. If you are using the WordPerfect word-processing program, you may also perform a word count by using the Wordcount macro supplied in the PROGRAM menu of the CD. ********************************************************